These stunning caves aren’t part of some
fairy-tale world or horror movie – they can be found in some of the
world’s most remote places in Asia, North America and Europe.
這些令人震驚的洞穴並不是奇幻世界或是恐怖電影的一部分 - 它們可以在亞洲, 北美和歐洲的最邊陲的角落發現.
Some of these caves form
when water seeps down through cracks in limestone rock. The limestone
rock dissolves into the water bit by bit, forming cracks and openings.
Over millions of years, these openings, and the limestone left behind by
dripping water, can form the majestic caves you see here.
一部分這些洞穴是由水滲透進石灰石的裂縫中. 這些石灰石一點一滴的溶解在水中, 形成裂縫和開口. 經過幾百萬年後, 這些開口以及石灰石經過滴水流下, 就形成了這些你看到的奇妙洞穴.
Other caves were formed over millions of years by being gradually worn away by lake or sea water.
其他洞穴是經由百萬年期間由湖水或是海水逐漸磨損(?)來的.
If you’re thinking of
rushing off to visit one of these caves, hold your horses. Although some
of the caves are open for public, like Phraya Nakhon Cave in Thailand,
the majority of them are only open to extreme adventurers who have to
get their passes in advance. As you can see from the pictures below, the
people who get the chance to explore these natural beauties are
equipped with some special equipment.
如果你打算急著去拜訪這些洞穴, 稍安勿躁. 雖然這些洞穴有部分是開放給大眾的, 像是泰國的披耶那空山洞; 但是大部分都是開放給極限冒險家先行前往探險的. 你可以看到底下的這些照片, 誰有機會去探索這些自然美景的人都需要配備了一些特殊的設備.
Fortunately for us,
almost all expeditions to the caves are joined by professional
photographers. Their precious photo shoots allow us to learn about those
mysterious places on Earth that are still untouched by humankind.
幸運地, 大部分的洞穴探勘都有專業的攝影師加入. 他們珍貴的照片讓我們學到那些地球上尚未被人類接觸過的奇幻地點.
1. Son Doong Cave, Vietnam
1. 山水洞(韓松洞), 越南
Image credits: National Geographic
圖片來源: 國家地理
The Son Doong cave in Vietnam is the largest currently known cave in the world. It is filled with countless wonders including isolated ecosystems, weather systems and geological formations. For more information, check out our post about Son Doong.
越南的山水洞是目前已知最大的洞穴. 它充滿了無數的奇觀, 包括了生態系統, 氣候系統和地質構造.更多訊息可以點擊我們之前關於山水洞的報導.
2. Ice Cave Near The Mutnovsky Volcano, Russia
2. 穆特洛夫斯基火山附近的冰洞, 俄羅斯
Image credits: Florian Wizorek
Image credits: Florian Wizorek
Ice caves like these form in the glaciers surrounding the Mutnovsky Volcano in Russia. Some of them are formed by vents that release volcanic heat and gases called fumaroles.
這些形式的冰洞是位於環繞在位於俄羅斯的穆特洛夫斯基火山周圍的冰川中.一部分是由於通風口或稱作噴氣孔釋放出火山熱和氣體形成的.
3. Naica Mine, Mexico
3. 奈卡礦坑, 墨西哥
Image credits: nicole_denise
The Naica Mine caves in Mexico are home to some of the largest crystals ever seen. The Crystal Cave, where these crystals are located, is closed to the public because of its depth, heat and other issues. However, plenty of pictures have been taken to document this monumental crystal cavern.
位於墨西哥的奈卡礦坑是世界上所見到的最大水晶的家鄉.水晶洞穴, 這些水晶的所在地, 因為深藏在地底, 有著溫度和其他因素, 所以是不開放給大眾的. 不過已經拍攝了大量的照片來記錄這個水晶洞穴.
4. Vatnajokull Glacier Cave, Iceland
4. 瓦特納冰河洞穴, 冰島
Image credits: orvaratli
Image credits: Einar Runar Sigurdson
Image credits: skarpi
This cave is located in Iceland’s Vatnajokull Glacier, the largest glacier in Europe. Caves like these form due to melting glacial icewater, but they can be dangerous because glaciers are constantly breaking and changing.
這個洞穴位於冰島的瓦特納冰河, 歐洲最大的冰河.這些洞穴是由融化冰河的冰水形成的. 不過由於冰河會經常破碎和變化,它們是非常危險的.
5. Batu Caves, Malaysia
5. 巴圖洞穴, 馬來西亞
Image credits: Danny Xeero
The Batu Caves in Malaysia have been used by English and Chinese settlers as well as the indigenous Temuan people. The bat guano in the cave was mined for agricultural purposes, but now the cave is filled with statues and is open to visitors.
馬來西亞的巴圖洞穴已經被英國和中國的殖民者和當地土著 Temuan 人所使用. 洞穴內的蝙蝠糞曾經被開採作為農業用途, 不過現在洞穴已經到處都是雕像並且開放給遊客.
6. Mendenhall Glacier Cave, USA
6. 曼德荷冰河洞穴, 美國
Image credits: Kent Mearig
This ice cave is part of the Mendenhall Glacier near Juneau, Alaska. The spectacular cave was carved out of the glacier by melting icewater. Due to the ever-changing conditions at glaciers, it is unclear whether this cave will still be around for long.
這個冰洞是位於阿拉斯加, 靠近朱諾的曼德荷冰河的一部分. 這個壯觀的洞穴是經由融化的冰水刻蝕出來的. 由於冰河持續的在變動,沒人知道這洞穴會存在多久.
7. Cave in Algarve, Portugal
7. 阿爾加維的洞穴, 葡萄牙
Image credits: Bruno Carlos
The Algarve region in Portugal, where this cave is located, is prone to various seaside formations because of the rock face’s relative solubility in water. This specific cave near Lagos is accessible only by water.
葡萄牙的阿爾加維區域是這洞穴的所在地, 這周圍都是岩岸卻會形成這類似一般海灘的地方是因為這部分的岩石表面相對易溶於水. 這個位於拉各斯的特殊洞穴是只能經由海上到達.
8. Glowworms Cave, New Zealand
8. 螢火蟲洞穴, 紐西蘭
Image credits: waitomo.com
The Waitomo glowworm caves in New Zealand are home to a unique insect – the glowworm. This insect hangs glistening silken strands from the ceiling of the cave and glows to attract unsuspecting prey. To read more about this fascinating and unique ecosystem, check out our post about the Waitomo caves.
紐西蘭的懷托摩螢火蟲洞穴是一種獨特昆蟲的家鄉 - the glowworm. 這種昆蟲懸掛閃亮發光的綢絲來吸引不知情的獵物. 想要閱讀更多關於這個迷人又獨特的生態系統請點擊我們以前關於的懷托摩洞穴的文章.
9. Tham Lod Cave, Thailand
9. Tham Lod Cave, 泰國
Image credits: John Spies
The Nam Lang river runs through the Tham Lod cave in northern Thailand. The cave is filled with beautiful stalactites and stalagmites and is home to hundreds of thousands of Pacific swifts that have adapted to spend parts of their lives in caves.
在泰國北部, Nam Lang 河流經 Tham Lod 洞穴. 這洞穴充滿了漂亮的鐘乳石和石筍, 以及幾十萬適應洞穴生活太平洋海燕的窩.
10. Kyaut Sae Cave, Myanmar
10. Kyaut Sae Cave, 緬甸
Image credits: Leopard
Very little is known about this cave in Kyaut Se, Myanmar, other than that the inside has been fitted as a Buddhist temple.
對這個位於緬甸, Kyaut Se 的洞穴所知甚少, 除此之外, 裡面已經被裝置成一個佛教寺廟.
11. Marble Caves, Patagonia
11. 大理石洞穴, 巴塔哥尼亞
Image credits: Edison Zanatto
Image credits: kellywhite
The Marble Caves in Patagona are known for the spectacular reflections that the turquoise water casts on the white marble ceiling of the cave. They are also called the Marble Cathedral because of their beautiful and arching forms.
巴塔哥尼亞的大理石洞穴最著名的是壯觀反射,碧綠色的水映射在洞穴白色大理石天花板. 他們也因為這裡漂亮的拱形而稱這裡為大理石教堂.
12. Antelope Canyon, USA
12. 羚羊峽谷, 美國
Image credits: wikipedia.org
Image credits: Greg Boratyn
Antelope Canyon in Arizona was carved out by thousands of years of persistent wind and flash floods, which is why its smooth walls look so smooth and fluid. During the desert’s monsoon season, dangerous flash floods can occur without warning from rains that have fallen miles away. These flash floods have taken the lives of quite a few unwary tourists.
亞利桑那州的羚羊峽谷是幾千年來被持續的風和山洪雕蝕而成, 這也是為什麼它光滑的牆壁看起來如此平滑流暢. 當沙漠中的雨季來臨時, 危險的山洪可以在沒警告之前就從幾英里外襲來. 這些山洪以奪走一些粗心旅客的生命.
13. Phraya Nakhon Cave, Thailand
13. 帕亞那空山洞, 泰國
Image credits: Georgi Iashvili
Image credits: Wasitpol Unchanakorrakit
The Phraya Nakhon Cave in Thailand was historically a popular visiting place for local kings because of the illumination provided by the collapsed roofs. The pavilion in the center was built for the visit of King Chulalongkorn in 1890.
泰國的帕亞那空山洞是歷史悠久給當地國王一遊的地方, 因為它的照明是由坍塌的屋頂所提供. 中間的涼亭是由於國王在 1890 年到訪時建立.
14. Ellison’s Cave, USA
14. 埃裡森洞穴, 美國
Image credits: secondglobe.com
This is the Fantastic Cave pit, part of Ellison’s Cave in Georgia, U.S.A. It is a popular attraction for pit cavers – those who enjoy rappelling down vertical subterranean drops.
這是一個神奇的洞穴坑, 位於美國喬治亞州埃裡森洞穴的一部分. 它對那些喜歡垂直垂降下來的洞穴坑探險者有普遍的吸引力.
15. Reed Flute Cave, China
15. 蘆笛岩洞, 中國
Image credits: Peter Stewart
Image credits: Pasquale di Pilato
The Reed Flute Cave in Guangxi, China has been visited by tourists for at least 1200 years. The cave is home to a spectacular array of stalagmites and stalactites. It is named for the reeds that grow at its mouth, which can be made into flutes.
中國廣西的蘆笛岩洞早在 1200 年前就被遊客拜訪. 這洞穴是壯觀的鐘乳石和石筍陣列的家. 它被命名來源是為可以做成笛子, 從口中長出的蘆葦.
沒有留言:
張貼留言